Overview:SAP R/4 ABAP Interview Questions,Concepts ,Tutorials ,Answers and Explanations
What are the system fields? Explain?
Ans :The ABAP system fields are active in all ABAP programs. They are filled by the runtime environment, and you can query their values in a program to find out particular states of the system. Although they are variables, you should not assign your own values to them, since this may overwrite information that is important for the normal running of the program. However, there are some isolated cases in which you may need to overwrite a system variable. For example, by assigning a new value to the field SY-LSIND, you can control navigation within details lists.
What is SAP Script? What is the purpose of SAP Script? Difference between
SAP Script and Report?
Ans : SAP Script – It is the integrated text management system of the SAP R/3 System. Two types – PC Editor & Line Editor.
Reports - It is the way to display data fetched from database table onto screen or directly output it to a printer. Two types – Classical and Interactive.
What is the use of occurs in internal table? Can u change occurs value in program?
Ans : Use of Occurs - If you use the OCCURS parameter, the value of the INITIAL SIZE of the table is returned to the variable
Data : Begin of ITAB occurs 0,
End of ITAB.
Occurs or Initial Size – to specify the initial amount of memory that should be assigned to the table. Yes, we can change the occurs value in program but output remains the same.
Difference between SY-TABIX and SY-INDEX? Where it is used?
Ans :The ABAP system fields are active in all ABAP programs. They are filled by the runtime environment, and you can query their values in a program to find out particular states of the system. Although they are variables, you should not assign your own values to them, since this may overwrite information that is important for the normal running of the program. However, there are some isolated cases in which you may need to overwrite a system variable. For example, by assigning a new value to the field SY-LSIND, you can control navigation within details lists.
What is SAP Script? What is the purpose of SAP Script? Difference between
SAP Script and Report?
Ans : SAP Script – It is the integrated text management system of the SAP R/3 System. Two types – PC Editor & Line Editor.
Reports - It is the way to display data fetched from database table onto screen or directly output it to a printer. Two types – Classical and Interactive.
What is the use of occurs in internal table? Can u change occurs value in program?
Ans : Use of Occurs - If you use the OCCURS parameter, the value of the INITIAL SIZE of the table is returned to the variable
Data : Begin of ITAB occurs 0,
End of ITAB.
Occurs or Initial Size – to specify the initial amount of memory that should be assigned to the table. Yes, we can change the occurs value in program but output remains the same.
Difference between SY-TABIX and SY-INDEX? Where it is used?
Can you check SY-SUBRC after perform?
Ans : SY-TABIX - Current line of an internal table. SY-TABIX is set by the statements below, but only for index tables. The field is either not set or is set to 0 for hashed tables.
APPEND sets SY-TABIX to the index of the last line of the table, that is, it contains the overall number of entries in the table.
COLLECT sets SY-TABIX to the index of the existing or inserted line in the table. If the table has the type HASHED TABLE, SY-TABIX is set to 0.
LOOP AT sets SY-TABIX to the index of the current line at the beginning of each loop lass. At the end of the loop, SY-TABIX is reset to the value that it had before entering the loop. It is set to 0 if the table has the type HASHED TABLE.
READ TABLE sets SY-TABIX to the index of the table line read. If you use a binary search, and the system does not find a line, SY-TABIX contains the total number of lines, or one more than the total number of lines. SY-INDEX is undefined if a linear search fails to return an entry.
SEARCHFOR sets SY-TABIX to the index of the table line in which the search string is found.
SY_INDEX - In a DO or WHILE loop, SY-INDEX contains the number of loop passes including the current pass.
Difference between UPLOAD and WS_UPLOAD?
Ans : UPLOAD - File transfer with dialog from presentation server file to internal table. Data which is available in a file on the presentation server is transferred in an internal table. ASCII & Binary files can be transferred.
WS_UPLOAD - To read data from the presentation server into an internal table without a user dialog, use the function module WS_UPLOAD. The most important parameters are listed below.
Parameters Function
CODEPAGE Only for upload under DOS: Value IBM
FILENAME Filename
FILETYPE File type
Why did u switch to SAP?
Ans :
What is a Logical Database?
Ans : Logical Databases are special ABAP programs that retrieve data and make it available to application programs.
Use of LDB – is used to read data from database tables by linking them to executable ABAP programs.
What are the events used for Logical Database?
Ans : Two Events –
1) GET - This is the most important event for executable programs that use a logical database. It occurs when the logical database has read a line from the node and made it available to the program in the work area declared using the statement NODES . The depth to which the logical database is read is determined by the GET statements
2) PUT - The PUT statement directs the program flow according to the structure of
the logical database.
What is the difference between Get and Get Late?
Ans : GET - After the logical database has read an entry from the node .
GET LATE - After all of the nodes of the logical database have been processed that are below in the database hierarchy.
What are the data types of Internal Tables?
Ans : There are three types:
1) Line
2) Key
3) Table
What are the events used in ABAP in the order of execution?
Ans : Events are:
1. INITIALIZATION
2. AT SELECTION-SCREEN
3. AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON
4. START-OF-SELECTION
5. TOP-OF-PAGE
6. TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE SELECTION
7. END-OF-PAGE
8. END-OF-SELECTION
9. AT USER-COMMAND
10. AT LINE-SELECTION
11. AT PF
12. GET
13. GET LATE.
14. AT User Command
What are Interactive Reports?
Ans : An output list which displays just the basic details & allow user to interact, so that a new list is populated based on user-selection. With interactive list, the user can actively control data retrieval and display during the session.
What are the commands used for interactive reports?
Ans : Top-of-Page during line-selection
What are the system fields u have worked with? Explain?
Ans : I had worked with the following (30) system fields:
1) SY-DBSYS - Central Database
2) SY-HOST - Server
3) SY-OPSYS - Operating System
4) SY-SAPRL - SAP Release
5) SY-SYSID - System Name
6) SY-LANGU - User Logon Language
7) SY-MANDT - Client
8) SY-UNAME - Logon User Name
9) SY-DATLO - Local Date
10) SY-DATUM - Server Date
11) SY-TIMLO - Local Time
12) SY-UZEIT - Server Time
13) SY-DYNNR - Screen Number
14) SY-REPID - Current ABAP program
15) SY-TCODE - Transaction Code
16) SY-ULINE - Horizontal Line
17) SY-VLINE - Vertical Line
18) SY-INDEX - Number of current loop Pass
19) SY-TABIX - Current line of internal table
20) SY-DBCNT - Number of table entries processed
21) SY-SUBRC - Return Code
22) SY-UCOMM - Function Code
23) SY-LINCT - Page Length of list
24) SY-LINNO - Current Line
25) SY-PAGNO - Current Page Number
26) SY-LSIND - Index of List
27) SY-MSGID - Message Class
28) SY-MSGNO - Message Number
29) SY-MSGTY - Message Type
30) SY-SPONO - Spool number during printing
Ans : SY-TABIX - Current line of an internal table. SY-TABIX is set by the statements below, but only for index tables. The field is either not set or is set to 0 for hashed tables.
APPEND sets SY-TABIX to the index of the last line of the table, that is, it contains the overall number of entries in the table.
COLLECT sets SY-TABIX to the index of the existing or inserted line in the table. If the table has the type HASHED TABLE, SY-TABIX is set to 0.
LOOP AT sets SY-TABIX to the index of the current line at the beginning of each loop lass. At the end of the loop, SY-TABIX is reset to the value that it had before entering the loop. It is set to 0 if the table has the type HASHED TABLE.
READ TABLE sets SY-TABIX to the index of the table line read. If you use a binary search, and the system does not find a line, SY-TABIX contains the total number of lines, or one more than the total number of lines. SY-INDEX is undefined if a linear search fails to return an entry.
SEARCH
SY_INDEX - In a DO or WHILE loop, SY-INDEX contains the number of loop passes including the current pass.
Difference between UPLOAD and WS_UPLOAD?
Ans : UPLOAD - File transfer with dialog from presentation server file to internal table. Data which is available in a file on the presentation server is transferred in an internal table. ASCII & Binary files can be transferred.
WS_UPLOAD - To read data from the presentation server into an internal table without a user dialog, use the function module WS_UPLOAD. The most important parameters are listed below.
Parameters Function
CODEPAGE Only for upload under DOS: Value IBM
FILENAME Filename
FILETYPE File type
Why did u switch to SAP?
Ans :
What is a Logical Database?
Ans : Logical Databases are special ABAP programs that retrieve data and make it available to application programs.
Use of LDB – is used to read data from database tables by linking them to executable ABAP programs.
What are the events used for Logical Database?
Ans : Two Events –
1) GET - This is the most important event for executable programs that use a logical database. It occurs when the logical database has read a line from the node and made it available to the program in the work area declared using the statement NODES . The depth to which the logical database is read is determined by the GET statements
2) PUT - The PUT statement directs the program flow according to the structure of
the logical database.
What is the difference between Get and Get Late?
Ans : GET - After the logical database has read an entry from the node .
GET LATE - After all of the nodes of the logical database have been processed that are below in the database hierarchy.
What are the data types of Internal Tables?
Ans : There are three types:
1) Line
2) Key
3) Table
What are the events used in ABAP in the order of execution?
Ans : Events are:
1. INITIALIZATION
2. AT SELECTION-SCREEN
3. AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON
5. TOP-OF-PAGE
6. TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE SELECTION
7. END-OF-PAGE
8. END-OF-SELECTION
9. AT USER-COMMAND
10. AT LINE-SELECTION
11. AT PF
13. GET LATE.
14. AT User Command
What are Interactive Reports?
Ans : An output list which displays just the basic details & allow user to interact, so that a new list is populated based on user-selection. With interactive list, the user can actively control data retrieval and display during the session.
What are the commands used for interactive reports?
Ans : Top-of-Page during line-selection
What are the system fields u have worked with? Explain?
Ans : I had worked with the following (30) system fields:
1) SY-DBSYS - Central Database
2) SY-HOST - Server
3) SY-OPSYS - Operating System
4) SY-SAPRL - SAP Release
5) SY-SYSID - System Name
6) SY-LANGU - User Logon Language
7) SY-MANDT - Client
8) SY-UNAME - Logon User Name
9) SY-DATLO - Local Date
10) SY-DATUM - Server Date
11) SY-TIMLO - Local Time
12) SY-UZEIT - Server Time
13) SY-DYNNR - Screen Number
14) SY-REPID - Current ABAP program
15) SY-TCODE - Transaction Code
16) SY-ULINE - Horizontal Line
17) SY-VLINE - Vertical Line
18) SY-INDEX - Number of current loop Pass
19) SY-TABIX - Current line of internal table
20) SY-DBCNT - Number of table entries processed
21) SY-SUBRC - Return Code
22) SY-UCOMM - Function Code
23) SY-LINCT - Page Length of list
24) SY-LINNO - Current Line
25) SY-PAGNO - Current Page Number
26) SY-LSIND - Index of List
27) SY-MSGID - Message Class
28) SY-MSGNO - Message Number
29) SY-MSGTY - Message Type
30) SY-SPONO - Spool number during printing
